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Friday, 13 November 2026 Judgments, law jobs and study notes, written by a practising advocate
Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 · Order X: Examination Of Parties By The Court

Order X Rule 3 CPC: Substance of examination to be written

Bare Act text

3. Substance of examination to be written.—The substance of the examination shall be reduced to writing by the Judge, and shall form part of the record.

Amendment notes

  1. This rule is not applicable to the Chief Court of Oudh, see the Oudh Court Act, 1925 (U.P. 4 of 1925), s. 16(2).

Text of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Act No. 5 of 1908), First Schedule, as amended, including the changes for commercial disputes made by the Commercial Courts Act, 2015. Source: India Code, Government of India.

In simple words

The Judge must reduce the substance of an oral examination under this Order to writing, and it forms part of the record of the suit. The rule ensures that what a party or accompanying person says at examination is preserved for later reference in the proceedings.

Order X: Examination Of Parties By The Court

  1. 1 Ascertainment whether allegations in pleadings are admitted or denied
  2. 1A Direction of the court to opt for any one mode of alternative dispute resolution
  3. 1B Appearance before the conciliatory forum or authority
  4. 1C Appearance before the court consequent to the failure of efforts of conciliation
  5. 2 Oral examination of party, or companion of party
  6. 3 Substance of examination to be written
  7. 4 Consequence of refusal or inability of pleader to answer
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