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Thursday, 12 November 2026 Judgments, law jobs and study notes, written by a practising advocate
Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 · Chapter X: Of Offences Relating To Coin, Currency-notes, Bank-notes, And Government Stamps

Section 178 BNS: Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes

Corresponding IPC
Section 230, 231, 232, 255, 489A IPC
Punishment
Imprisonment for life, or up to 10 years, and fine

Classification of offence

SectionCognizable?Bailable?Triable by
178CognizableNon-bailableCourt of Session

As per the First Schedule to the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023.

Bare Act text

notes.—Whoever counterfeits, or knowingly performs any part of the process of counterfeiting, any coin, stamp issued by Government for the purpose of revenue, currency-note or bank-note, shall be punished with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.

Explanation.—For the purposes of this Chapter,—

(1) the expression “bank-note” means a promissory note or engagement for the payment of money to bearer on demand issued by any person carrying on the business of banking in any part of the world, or issued by or under the authority of any State or Sovereign Power, and intended to be used as equivalent to, or as a substitute for money;

(2) “coin” shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in section 2 of the Coinage Act, 2011 (11 of 2011) and includes metal used for the time being as money and is stamped and issued by or under the authority of any State or Sovereign Power intended to be so used;

(3) a person commits the offence of “counterfeiting Government stamp” who counterfeits by causing a genuine stamp of one denomination to appear like a genuine stamp of a different denomination;

(4) a person commits the offence of counterfeiting coin who intending to practise deception, or knowing it to be likely that deception will thereby be practised, causes a genuine coin to appear like a different coin; and

(5) the offence of “counterfeiting coin” includes diminishing the weight or alteration of the composition, or alteration of the appearance of the coin.

Text as enacted in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (Act No. 45 of 2023), in force from 1 July 2024. Source: India Code, Government of India.

In simple words

Whoever counterfeits, or knowingly performs any part of the process of counterfeiting, any coin, Government revenue stamp, currency-note or bank-note is punished with imprisonment for life, or imprisonment of either description up to ten years, and fine. The Explanation applies to the Chapter. A “bank-note” is a promissory note or engagement to pay money to bearer on demand, issued by a banker anywhere in the world or by or under the authority of a State or Sovereign Power, intended as a substitute for money. “Coin” has the meaning in section 2 of the Coinage Act, 2011 and includes stamped metal issued as money by a State or Sovereign Power. Counterfeiting a Government stamp includes making a genuine stamp of one denomination appear as another denomination. Counterfeiting coin means, with intent to deceive or knowing deception is likely, making a genuine coin appear to be a different coin, and includes diminishing its weight or altering its composition or appearance.

Chapter X: Of Offences Relating To Coin, Currency-notes, Bank-notes, And Government Stamps

  1. 178 Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes
  2. 179 Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
  3. 180 Possession of forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
  4. 181 Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
  5. 182 Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes
  6. 183 Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government
  7. 184 Using Government stamp known to have been before used
  8. 185 Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used
  9. 186 Prohibition of fictitious stamps
  10. 187 Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law
  11. 188 Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint