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Wednesday, 11 November 2026 Judgments, law jobs and study notes, written by a practising advocate
Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 · Chapter XIX: Of Criminal Intimidation, Insult, Annoyance, Defamation, Etc.

Section 351 BNS: Criminal intimidation

Corresponding IPC
Section 503, 506, 507 IPC
Punishment
(2) Imprisonment up to 2 years, or fine, or both; (3) imprisonment up to 7 years, or fine, or both; (4) anonymous threat: additional imprisonment up to 2 years
Note
IPC 503, 506 and 507 merged; the Explanation, simple threats and anonymous threats are covered in one section.

Classification of offence

SectionCognizable?Bailable?Triable by
351(2)Non-cognizableBailableAny Magistrate
351(3)Non-cognizableBailableMagistrate of the first class
351(4)Non-cognizableBailableMagistrate of the first class

As per the First Schedule to the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023.

Bare Act text

(1) Whoever threatens another by any means, with any injury to his person, reputation or property, or to the person or reputation of any one in whom that person is interested, with intent to cause alarm to that person, or to cause that person to do any act which he is not legally bound to do, or to omit to do any act which that person is legally entitled to do, as the means of avoiding the execution of such threat, commits criminal intimidation.

Explanation.—A threat to injure the reputation of any deceased person in whom the person threatened is interested, is within this section.

Illustration. A, for the purpose of inducing B to resist from prosecuting a civil suit, threatens to burn B’s house. A is guilty of criminal intimidation.

(2) Whoever commits the offence of criminal intimidation shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both.

(3) Whoever commits the offence of criminal intimidation by threatening to cause death or grievous hurt, or to cause the destruction of any property by fire, or to cause an offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years, or to impute unchastity to a woman, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, or with fine, or with both.

(4) Whoever commits the offence of criminal intimidation by an anonymous communication, or having taken precaution to conceal the name or abode of the person from whom the threat comes, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, in addition to the punishment provided for the offence under sub-section (1).

Text as enacted in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (Act No. 45 of 2023), in force from 1 July 2024. Source: India Code, Government of India.

In simple words

Defines criminal intimidation: threatening injury to person, reputation or property with intent to cause alarm or to compel or prevent an act. Penalty rises for threats of death, grievous hurt, arson, serious offences or imputing unchastity to a woman, and for anonymous threats.

Chapter XIX: Of Criminal Intimidation, Insult, Annoyance, Defamation, Etc.

  1. 351 Criminal intimidation
  2. 352 Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of peace
  3. 353 Statements conducing to public mischief
  4. 354 Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure
  5. 355 Misconduct in public by a drunken person
  6. 356 Defamation
  7. 357 Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person