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Friday, 13 November 2026 Judgments, law jobs and study notes, written by a practising advocate
Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 · Order IV: Institution Of Suits

Order IV Rule 1 CPC: Suit to be commenced by plaint

Bare Act text

1. Suit to be commenced by plaint.—(1) Every suit shall be instituted by presenting [plaint in duplicate to the Court] or such officer as it appoints in this behalf.

(2) Every plaint shall comply with the rules contained in Orders VI and VII, so far as they are applicable.

[(3) The plaint shall not be deemed to be duly instituted unless it complies with the requirements specified in sub-rules (1) and (2).]

Amendment notes

  1. Subs. by Act 46 of 1999, s. 14, for certain words (w.e.f. 1-7-2002).
  2. Ins. by s. 14, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-7-2002).

Text of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Act No. 5 of 1908), First Schedule, as amended, including the changes for commercial disputes made by the Commercial Courts Act, 2015. Source: India Code, Government of India.

In simple words

Every suit is instituted by presenting a plaint in duplicate to the Court or an officer it appoints. The plaint must comply with the rules in Orders VI and VII, so far as applicable. Under the 1999 amendment, a plaint is not deemed duly instituted unless it meets the requirements of sub-rules (1) and (2).

Order IV: Institution Of Suits

  1. 1 Suit to be commenced by plaint
  2. 2 Register of suits
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