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Thursday, 12 November 2026 Judgments, law jobs and study notes, written by a practising advocate
Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 · Chapter XXXVIII: Limitation For Taking Cognizance Of Certain Offences

Section 514 BNSS: Bar to taking cognizance after lapse of period of limitation

Corresponding CrPC
Section 468 CrPC

Bare Act text

(1) Except as otherwise provided in this Sanhita, no Court shall take cognizance of an offence of the category specified in sub-section (2), after the expiry of the period of limitation.

(2) The period of limitation shall be—

(a) six months, if the offence is punishable with fine only;

(b) one year, if the offence is punishable with imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year;

(c) three years, if the offence is punishable with imprisonment for a term exceeding one year but not exceeding three years.

(3) For the purposes of this section, the period of limitation, in relation to offences which may be tried together, shall be determined with reference to the offence which is punishable with the more severe punishment or, as the case may be, the most severe punishment.

Explanation.—For the purpose of computing the period of limitation, the relevant date shall be the date of filing complaint under section 223 or the date of recording of information under section 173.

Text as enacted in the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (Act No. 46 of 2023), in force from 1 July 2024. Source: India Code, Government of India.

In simple words

Except as otherwise provided in the Sanhita, no Court takes cognizance of an offence in the specified categories after the period of limitation expires. The period is six months for offences punishable with fine only, one year for those punishable with imprisonment not exceeding one year, and three years for those exceeding one year but not three years. For offences tried together, the most severely punishable offence determines the period.

Chapter XXXVIII: Limitation For Taking Cognizance Of Certain Offences

  1. 513 Definitions
  2. 514 Bar to taking cognizance after lapse of period of limitation
  3. 515 Commencement of period of limitation
  4. 516 Exclusion of time in certain cases
  5. 517 Exclusion of date on which Court is closed
  6. 518 Continuing offence
  7. 519 Extension of period of limitation in certain cases